Glutamine in Clinical Nutrition

Part I. Basic Processes at the Cellular Level and in Animal Models.- 1. Glutamine structure and function: a starter pack.- 2. Amino acid transporters and glutamine.- 3. Role of glutamine transaminases in nitrogen, sulfur, selenium and 1-carbon metabolism.- 4. Glutamine uptake and immunomodulation: an overview - Kenneth Frauwirth.- 5. The role of glutamine and glutamic acid in the pituitary gland involvement in thyroid-stimulating hormone release.- 6. Glucose-independent glutamine-driven TCA cycle in cancer cells.- 7. The role of glutamine synthetase in the glutamine independence in mammary tissue.- 8. Glutamine addiction of cancer cells.- 9. L-[5-11C]-glutamine and metabolic imaging in cancer cells.- 10. Endotoxemia and glutamine.- Part II. Glutamine Use in Critically Ill Patients and Their Diagnosis.- 11. Plasma glutamine and its levels in metabolic stress.- 12. Glutamine supplementation in major surgery and intensive care.- 13. Enteral nutrition supplemented with L-glutamine in patients with sepsis.- 14. Glutamine supplementation in multiple trauma patients.- 15. Glutamine dipeptide and insulin sensitivity in critically ill patients.- 16. Potential for glutamine supplementation in critically ill children.- 17. Glutamine and ammonia in hepatic encephalopathy.- 18. The oral glutamine challenge in liver cirrhosis.- Part III. Glutamine in Normal Metabolism and under Surgical Stress.- 19. Insulin secretion and the glutamine-glutamate-alpha-ketoglutarate axis.- 20. Glutamine-cycling pathway in metabolic syndrome: Systems Biology-Based Characterization of the glutamate-related metabotype and advances for Diagnosis and Treatment in Translational Medicine.- 21. Glutamine and glucagon-like peptide-1 response.- 22. Glutamine pretreatment and surgery for cleft lip/cleft palate in children.- 23. Use of perioperative glutamine dipeptide in parenteral nutrition in surgical hospital patients with malnutrition.- 24. Therapeutic use of glutamine for diabetic foot ulcers and related