Oxide Scale Behavior in High Temperature Metal Processing

1. INTRODUCTION2. ROLE OF SECONDARY OXIDE SCALE DURING HOT ROLLING AND FOR SUBSEQUENT PRODUCT QUALITYFrictionHeat TransferThermal Evolution in Hot RollingSecondary Scale Related Defects3. SCALE GROWTH AND FORMATION OF SUBSURFACE LAYERSHigh Temperature Oxidation of SteelFormation and Structure of the Subsurface Layer in Aluminum Rolling4. METHODOLOGY FOR NUMERICAL CHARACTERISATION OF THE OXIDE SCALE IN THERMOMECHANICAL PROCESSINGCombination of Experiments and Computer Modelling: A Key for the Scale CharacterisationPrediction of Mild Steel Oxide Failure at Entry into the Roll Gap: Evaluation of Strains, Tensile Failure, Steel Oxide Failure, Scale Failure, Verification5. MEASURING OXIDE SCALE BEHAVIOUR UNDER HOT WORKING CONDITIONSLaboratory Rolling ExperimentsTensile TestingHot Four-Point Bend TestingHot Tension Compression TestingBending Testing6. NUMERICAL INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTSMeasurement of Separation Loads within the Scale/Metal SystemMathematical Model and Interpretation of Experimental Results7. PHYSICALLY BASED FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF THE OXIDE SCALEFracture, Ductile Behaviour and SlidingScale Evolution During Hot Rolling, Multilayer ScalesMulti-Pass BehaviourDescaling Simulation and Surface Quality8. OXIDE SCALE MODELLINGEvaluation of Interfacial Heat TransferEffect of Chemical Composition on Oxide Scale Evolution and Scale AdhesionWays to Maximize Descaling Effectiveness and Improvement of Surface FinishModelling of Formation of Stock Surface and Subsurface Layers in Breakdown Rolling of Aluminium Alloys9. OXIDE SCALE AND THROUGH-PROCESS CHARACTERISATION: INDUSTRIAL INPUT

Michal Krzyzanowski is currently research fellow at the University of Sheffield, UK, in the Department of Engineering Materials. Graduated as physicist he obtained his PhD and DSc degrees in materials science. He was appointed Associate Professor in 1997 at the University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Poland. In 1998, he accepted the invitation of the University of Sheffield to work in the newly founded, multidisciplinary Institute for Microstructural and Mechanical Process Engineering (IMMPETUS). At IMMPETUS, Michal Krzyzanowski conducts his research on thermomechanical metal processing with a focus on characterization and multiscale modelling, application of principles of physics into the detailed numerical analysis.John H. Beynon is Dean of the Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences at Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia. He was awarded his PhD in Metallurgy from the University of Sheffield in 1980. Professor Beynon is a fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, the Institution of Engineers Australia and the Royal Academy of Engineering. His main area of research is the study of the interaction of materials science and applied mechanics to solve engineering problems, particularly in thermomechanical processing and structural integrity, by using computer-based modeling, experiment and industrial input.Didier C. J. Farrugia is currently scientific fellow at Corus Swinden Technology Centre in Rotherham, UK, and a fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3). After graduating with a PhD at the CEMEF, Mines-ParisTech in 1990, he has worked for more than 19 years in the steel R&D industry where his research activities include metal forming, material science, modeling, numerical techniques and tribology. Didier Farrugia has set up and managed major collaborative programs, and has been involved in technology transfer, implementation and exploitation within both industry and academia for many