Population Biology

1 Genetic Variation: Prerequisite and Consequence of Evolution.- DNA, the Basis of Inheritance.- Factors Causing Variation in DNA.- Population Genetic Consequences of Transposable Elements.- Evolution of Genome Size.- Gene Activity.- Recombination.- Phenotype-Genotype Transformation and the Role of Polygenic Analyses of Variation.- 2 Natural Selection: Measures and Modes.- Differential Survival of Zygotes.- Differential Fertility of Adults.- Deviations from Random Mating.- Sexual Selection and Nonrandom Mating.- The Estimation of Fitness Values.- Selection with Overlapping Generations.- Fitness Maximization.- Selection and the Biotic Environment.- 3 Mating Systems and Evolutionary Genetics.- Direct Estimation of the Mating System.- Population Genetic Consequences of the Mating System.- Factors Affecting the Mating System.- Overview.- 4 Population Structure and Process in Evolution.- Evolution and Population Structure.- Population Structure with Strictly Neutral Genetic Variation.- Natural Selection and Population Subdivision.- 5 Genetic Diversity and the Ecology of Asexual Populations.- Asexual Modes of Reproduction.- Genotypic Diversity in Asexual Populations.- Phenotypic Variation.- The Ecology of Clones.- Summary and Conclusions.- 6 Variation and Selection in Plant Populations.- Spatial Patterns of Variation.- Genetic Variation in Breeding Systems.- Breeding Systems and Variation Surveys in Limnanthes spp.- Variation in Different Species Groups.- Molecular and Morphological Variation.- Kinds and Intensities of Natural Selection.- Variation and Evolution of Life Histories.- Breeding Systems vs Life Histories.- Variation, Selection, and Adaptation.- Concluding Remarks.- 7 Patterns of Species Divergence and Genetic Theories of Speciation.- The Problem of Species Formation.- Genetic Structure of Species.- Genetic Divergence Between Species.- The Nature of Genetic Variation and Theories of Speciation.- Genetic Mechanisms of Speciation in Plants vs. Animals.-