Spontaneous Abortion

1 Definition and Clinical Presentation.- Spontaneous Abortion.- Threatened Abortion.- Inevitable Abortion.- Missed Abortion.- Anembryonic Pregnancy.- Spontaneous Abortion of a Live Fetus.- Trophoblastic Tumours.- Septic Abortion.- Recurrent Abortion.- Induced Abortion.- Ectopic Pregnancy.- Summary.- References.- 2 Spontaneous Abortions: Epidemiology.- Problems of Definition and Ascertainment.- Current Estimates of Early Reproductive Loss.- Maternal Health.- Other Environmental Hazards.- Conclusion.- References.- 3 Aetiology of Pregnancy Failure.- Numerical Chromosomal Abnormalities (Aneuploidy and Polyploidy).- Pathological Findings in First Trimester Abortuses.- References.- 4 Pathology of Spontaneous Abortion.- Anatomo-pathological Classification of Material from Abortions.- Histological Classification of Material from Abortions.- Specific Pathological Abnormalities in Abortion.- Conclusions.- References.- 5 Ultrasound Diagnosis of Spontaneous Miscarriage.- Am I Pregnant?.- Is My Pregnancy Normal?.- When Is My Baby Due?.- Will I Miscarry?.- Is My Baby Normal?.- Specific Complications of Early Pregnancy.- Doppler Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Pregnancy Failure.- References.- 6 Assessment of Early Pregnancy: Measurement of Fetoplacental Hormones and Proteins.- Diagnosis of Pregnancy.- Normal Pregnancy.- Control of Synthesis and Secretion.- Early Pregnancy Failure.- Threatened and Spontaneous Miscarriage.- Anembryonic Pregnancy.- Ectopic Pregnancy.- Trophoblastic Disease.- Prenatal Diagnosis: Chorionic Villus Sampling.- Conclusions.- References.- 7 The Aetiology and Management of Recurrent Miscarriage.- Incidence.- The Risk of Recurrence.- Aetiology of Recurrent Miscarriage.- Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 8 Septic Abortion.- Felicity Ashworth.- Relevance of Septic Abortion to Maternal Mortality Statistics.- Risk Factors.- Clinical Features.- Microbiology.- Management of Septic Abortion.- Management of Septic Shock.- Conclusion.- References.- 9 Miscarriage